High-temperature plasmas confined by magnetic fields, as well as plasmas observed in nature, each display very complex behaviors. Simulation research using supercomputers plays a crucial role in investigating such complex phenomena. In simulation research, the complex behaviors of plasma can be reproduced on a computer using various models, such as fluid models and particle models. These models are chosen based on the phenomena being simulated. Particle-in-cell(PIC) simulation, for instance, is employed to study kinetic phenomena in plasma, such as the interactions between particles and waves. Through PIC simulation, it is possible to explore the intricate dynamics of plasma in phase space by self-consistently solving the equations of motion for individual charged particles along with Maxwell’s equations for electromagnetic fields.
In this topic, we will learn the fundamentals of the PIC method and conduct simulations to better understand the complex phenomena in plasma.

Examples of particle simulation (Ion acoustic wave instability (inverse Landau damping): particle distribution in phase space and potential profile) and scene of discussion (right)